Diversidade de formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) da serapilheira em eucaliptais (Myrtaceae) e área de cerrado de Minas Gerais

Abstract

The inventory of the ant fauna in a cerrado area and in eucalypt plantations with five classes of understory ages, has been carried out in Bom Despacho (MG), in the aim to evaluate the effect of plantation age on the diversity of native cerrado ants. Fifteen areas of eucalypt have been sampled, being three per age class, as follows: areas with understory of 0 to 2, 2 to 4, 4 to 6, 6 to 8 and 8 to 10 years old, respectively). The same has been made in a native vegetation area used as control . The ants from the litter have been extracted using Winkler sacks. One hundred and forty three ant species have been collected, belonging to six subfamilies, being 67 in the native area (50 samples) and 133 in the eucalypt plantations (750 samples, corresponding to an average of 52 species per group of 50 samples, or sampled area). With the Chao 2 diversity estimator index, there is no significant differences between areas (Kruskal-Wallis, P>0.05). It has been demonstrated that most of the species found in native vegetation occur also in the eucalypt plantations, although these ones present a drastic diminution of the species density, suggesting that the ant regional richness do not depend on the complexity of the habitat, because the cerrado ant fauna is well conserved in the eucalypt plantations, contradicting most of the literature on this subject.