Abstract
In this study we present an updated taxonomic list of the terrestrial mammals of Oaxaca. The accumulated species richness, spatial richness patterns, endemicity, conservation status and taxonomic beta diversity was analyzed. We considered specimens deposited in mammal collections, and specialized literature. The results show that from the 1960's the collection effort increased, until the 28,060 records were obtained. The taxonomic composition of terrestrial mammals in Oaxaca is represented by 216 species, including 48 monotypic and 168 polytypic with 209 subspecies, a total of 257 taxa. The highest species richness occurs in the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca (154) and the Coastal Plain of Tehuantepec (135) and Sierra Madre del Sur (127). The low taxonomic similarity between subprovinces (0.36 to 0.82) explains the great diversity of mammals in Oaxaca.
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