Divergent concentrations of plasma metabolites in swine selected for seven generations for high or low plasma total cholesterol.

Abstract

It was reported previously that selection for high (HG) or low (LG) plasma total cholesterol (TC) at 8 wk of age in a composite four-breed swine population resulted after four generations in divergent mean concentrations in the selected lines. The data revealed a significant positive correlation between body weight (BW) and TC concentration at 8 wk of age and differential responses in litter size, backfat depth, and carcass length at 6 mo of age. We report here the relationship between plasma TC concentration and other plasma traits related to growth and metabolism in the seventh generation of selection in these two lines of pigs. We measured plasma concentrations of TC, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), urea nitrogen (urea N), and three transaminases (alanine aminotransferase, ALT; aspartate aminotransferase, AST; gamma glutamyltransferase, GGT) in seventh-generation male and female pigs at 8 wk of age. Birth weight (1.48 vs 1.38 kg), 8 wk BW (14.85 vs 12.00 kg), TC (116.8 vs 63.6 mg/dL), HDL-C (43.9 vs 25.5 mg/dL), TG (50.5 vs 33.0 mg/dL), and ALP (78.3 vs 44.9 units/L) were higher (P < .01) in HG than in LG pigs, whereas ALB (3.2 vs 3.4 g/dL), ALT (43.0 vs 45.9 units/L), and AST (53.0 vs 62.2 units/L) were lower in HG than in LG pigs (P < .05). At 8 wk, overall plasma TC concentration was correlated with BW (r = .34, P < .01) and with ALP (r = .23, P < .05) but was not related to ALT, AST, or GGT. Plasma TP urea N, and GGT were unaffected by genetic line on sex. We conclude that the difference between HG and LG pigs in TC concentration in generation 4 at 8 wk of age has persisted but not broadened in pigs of generation 7, that changes in plasma ALP, ALT, and AST may have occurred in response to selection for high or low plasma TC, and that ALP is correlated with plasma TC concentration.