Abstract
In this study, we used an intensive observation dataset of a mobile observation vehicle (MOVE) to investigate the characteristics of thermal environments and diurnal variations of road surface temperature (RST) and air temperature, particularly at the urban street level, during the 2019 Building Block 3-dimensional urban Meteorological Experiment (BBMEX) campaign in Seoul. For the purpose of comparing characteristics of RST and air temperature with different surrounding thermal environments, we divided the road into four sections (S1: Open Section, S2: High-Rise Buildings, S3: Low-Rise Buildings, S4: Street Trees). This study demonstrates that the greater sky view factors (SVFs) are generally coincident with the greater RSTs, with a significance at the 5% level. The diurnal variations indicated that the time lag between observed maximum air temperature and RST has about one hour, which is attributable to an increase air temperatures above artificial pavement through heat convection with some latency. The diurnal temperature ranges (DTRs) of RST in S2 and S4 were relatively smaller than those of S1 and S3, with differences ranging from 2.9 °C to 4.5 °C. The current results will assist planners and decision makers in determining policy priorities with regard to urban street design and planning.
Highlights
Heat waves are one of the major meteorological disasters, because they can affect many aspects of human society, including through their impacts on socio-economics, health, and drought [1,2,3].Urban areas, dense cities, are more susceptible to the impacts of heat waves [4,5], and the increase in air temperatures can be accelerated compared to suburban or rural areas by adding urban heat island (UHI) effects and the tropical night phenomenon [6]
(DSM) data with 10-m spatial resolution used in this study provides gridded altitude (m), slope and aspect information, and reflects the height of artificial structures unlike digital elevation model (DEM), which do not reflect the influence of surrounding trees and buildings
We suggest that the sky view factors (SVFs) could influence the road surface temperature (RST) in hottest time of urban areas, whereas incoming solar radiation contributes indirectly to the magnitude of RST, since it is dependent on diurnal variations in14solar
Summary
Heat waves are one of the major meteorological disasters, because they can affect many aspects of human society, including through their impacts on socio-economics, health, and drought [1,2,3]. Dense cities, are more susceptible to the impacts of heat waves [4,5], and the increase in air temperatures can be accelerated compared to suburban or rural areas by adding urban heat island (UHI) effects and the tropical night phenomenon [6]. The increase in temperature affects road-surface temperature (RST), which is an important research topic in terms of extreme road weather [7,8,9]. Bae et al (2012) [10] proposed planning schemes, such as type and organization of building and location of green space and circulation, to alleviate the UHI effect through learning
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