Abstract
The harmonically related radio transmissions at 40 and 360 Mc/s from an ionospheric beacon satellite S-66 (1964-64A/BE-B) monitored at Stanford, California (37.4°N, 237.8°E; geographic), during the period from October 1964 to October 1965, are analyzed by the differential Doppler method to deduce the mean diurnal variation of the large-scale ionospheric irregularities in terms of the average gradient of irregularities expressed in electrons/m2 100-km horizontal distance. It is shown that the average gradient of the large-scale ionospheric irregularities exhibits a mean diurnal variation that is significantly different, both in amplitude and phase, from that of the columnar electron content of the ionosphere. Under a moderately agitated but steady geomagnetic condition (Kp ≤ 4), the diurnal variation in the geocentric equatorial range to the ‘knee’ or the plasmapause in the magnetosphere, deduced from whistler studies, seems to be anticorrelated with that of the average gradient of irregularities in the columnar electron content of the ionosphere. A qualitative explanation for the observed anticorrelation has been suggested in terms of the possible convection of thermal ionization in the magnetosphere.
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