Abstract
BackgroundAgeing is associated with a declining physical activity level (PAL) and changes in the diurnal activity pattern. Changes in the activity pattern might help explaining the age-associated reduction of physical activity.ObjectiveThe aims were to investigate diurnal activity patterns within groups of older adults classified by PAL, to investigate diurnal activity patterns within age-groups and to investigate the association between the drop in activity and aerobic fitness.MethodsThirty-one healthy subjects aged between 52 and 83y were recruited for the study. Subjects were divided in sedentary (PAL<1.75), moderately active (1.75<PAL<1.90), and active (1.90<PAL) older adults with energy expenditure measurements obtained with the doubly labelled water technique. Diurnal activity patterns were based on activity counts from an accelerometer during wake time and then divided in four quarters of equal time length. Additionally, aerobic fitness was measured as maximal oxygen uptake.ResultsSubjects had a PAL between 1.43 and 2.34 and an aerobic fitness between 18 and 49 ml/kg/min. Overall, activity patterns showed a peak in the first quarter of wake time (around 10AM) followed by a gradual decline of, on average, 5% per hour. Active subjects reached their peak in the first quarter and remained active until after the third quarter (11% drop each quarter on average). Moderately active and sedentary subjects reached their peak during the second quarter with a decrease during the third quarter (respectively 29% and 17% drop each quarter on average). The drop in physical activity between the first and the second half of the wake time was negatively associated with aerobic fitness (r = -0.39, p<0.05).ConclusionActive older adults maintained a larger amount of body movement for longer during their wake time. Diurnal physical activity declined more in adults ≥66 years old with lower aerobic fitness.
Highlights
Increasing age is accompanied by a gradual decline of physical activity and an increase in sedentary behaviour after the age of 50 [1, 2]
Ageing is associated with a declining physical activity level (PAL) and changes in the diurnal activity pattern
Subjects were divided in sedentary (PAL
Summary
Increasing age is accompanied by a gradual decline of physical activity and an increase in sedentary behaviour after the age of 50 [1, 2]. A sedentary lifestyle in older adults is associated with several negative health outcomes such as disability [3], sarcopenia [4], diabetes, [5] cardiovascular diseases [6] and increased morbidity [7]. The World Health Organization sets specific goals of time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity physical activity, namely 150 min/week in bouts longer than 10 minutes for individuals after the 65th year of age [8]. Ageing is associated with a declining physical activity level (PAL) and changes in the diurnal activity pattern. Changes in the activity pattern might help explaining the age-associated reduction of physical activity
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