Abstract
We consider a simple generic dissipative dark matter model: a hidden sector featuring two dark matter particles charged under an unbroken U(1)′ interaction. Previous work has shown that such a model has the potential to explain dark matter phenomena on both large and small scales. In this framework, the dark matter halo in spiral galaxies features nontrivial dynamics, with the halo energy loss due to dissipative interactions balanced by a heat source. Ordinary supernovae can potentially supply this heat provided kinetic mixing interaction exists with strength ϵ∼10−9. This type of kinetically mixed dark matter can be probed in direct detection experiments. Importantly, this self-interacting dark matter can be captured within the Earth and shield a dark matter detector from the halo wind, giving rise to a diurnal modulation effect. We estimate the size of this effect for detectors located in the Southern hemisphere, and find that the modulation is large (≳10%) for a wide range of parameters.
Highlights
Dark matter might plausibly arise within a hidden sector
In the latter case, focused on here, dark matter consists of two hidden sector particles, F1 and F2, both charged under an unbroken U (1) symmetry
The dark matter halo is assumed to have evolved into a steady state configuration where it is in hydrostatic equilibrium and the energy it loses to dissipative interactions is balanced by a heat source
Summary
Dark matter might plausibly arise within a hidden sector. That is, a sector of additional particles and forces which couple to ordinary matter predominantly via gravity. Dissipative dark matter has been studied in the context of mirror dark matter [1] (MDM, for an up-to-date review see [2]), where the hidden sector is exactly isomorphic to the Standard Model [3], and more generally in [4] In the latter case, focused on here, dark matter consists of two hidden sector particles, F1 and F2, both charged under an unbroken U (1) symmetry. The studies [2,4] have shown that kinetic mixing induced processes in the core of ordinary core-collapse supernovae can supply the energy needs of such a halo, if ∼ 10−9 That is, these processes are able to generate enough energy (transported to the halo via dark photons) to compensate for the energy lost due to dissipative interactions. F2-nuclei scattering detection channel, and study possible diurnal modulation signatures expected due to the effect of captured F2 dark matter which can block the halo wind
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