Abstract
Abstract Vertical wind variations in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere (UTLS) measured by the Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR) at Kototabang, Sumatra, between 2003 and 2005 but mainly in 2004, have been statistically analyzed to study the characteristics of wind variances associated with convective activity, which is related to gravity wave generation and propagation. The analyses are intended to characterize relatively short period disturbances of less than 12 hours and an energy propagation direction of a relatively high elevation angle, and to relate vertical wind variations to convective activity close to the EAR. Correlation analyses between vertical wind variations and rainfall show that the wind variances have a clear diurnal variation indicating probable effects of tropospheric convection. They also show some intraseasonal variation. However, there are no significant correlations with the Out-going Long-wave Radiation (OLR) anomaly. The correlations between variances at UT and LS suggest that the UTLS coupling of vertical wind variation through upward propagation of gravity wave is similarly evident in the afternoon during both the active and the inactive phase of OLR that is a proxy of large-scale convective activity.
Highlights
It is well known that tropospheric convection is the major source of gravity waves in the equatorial region
We focus our attention on the climatological features of vertical wind variations having periods of ≤12 hours as measured by the Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR) between 2003 and 2005 but mainly in 2004, and study its diurnal and intraseasonal variations
Summary We have performed a statistical analysis of vertical wind variations in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere (UTLS) region measured by the EAR at Kototabang, Sumatra, between 2003 and 2005 but mainly in
Summary
It is well known that tropospheric convection is the major source of gravity waves in the equatorial region. We focus our attention on the climatological features of vertical wind variations having periods of ≤12 hours as measured by the EAR between 2003 and 2005 but mainly in 2004, and study its diurnal and intraseasonal variations These variations are related to the OLR and to time-space-averaged rain rate derived from an X-band rain radar co-located with the EAR. The correspondence between OLR anomaly and w 2 is not clear; in some high OLR cases, i.e., convectively inactive period, w 2 shows high values (e.g., around days 255 and 330, 2004) This suggests that the vertical wind variation is affected by large-scale convective activity but other causes such as the local convection having shorter periods than the intraseasonal variation of the OLR.
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