Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the ethanolic extract of Grangea maderaspatana led to isolation of gramaderins A–D, together with thirteen known compounds. All isolates were assayed for their anti-inflammatory activities. Consequently, 5,7-dihydroxy-3,6,3′,4′,5′-pentamethoxyflavone and 5,3′-dihydroxy-3,6,7,4′,5′-pentamethoxyflavone showed significant bioactivities by inhibiting superoxide anion generation. 8-Acetoxy-pentadeca-1,9Z,14-trien-4,6-diyne-3-ol also demonstrated potent inhibition on elastase release. The gramaderins A/C (β-alkyl linked γ-lactone) and gramaderins B/D (α-alkyl linked γ-lactone) co-exist in this plant material, of which the latter derivatives are few in nature. Gramaderins C/D possess a special linear dilactone diterpene skeleton, which never been reported.
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