Abstract
coholism in the late 1940s (46), although organic sulfur compounds of this kind had been known since the early 1800s (48, 99). They were introduced into medicine as scabicicles in the late 1930s (37), their first internal use being for the treatment of intestinal worms. The drug was noted to cause an adverse reaction when alcohol was ingested (34), and shortly thereafter disulfiram was given its initial trial in the treatment of alcoholism (46). Investigation of the alcohol-disulfiram reaction in animals indicated that this combination produced an increase in circulating acetaldehyde (35), the level of which was dependent on the dose of disulfiram and the amount of alcohol ingested. This increase in acetaldehyde was shown to be due to a delay in its metabolism (36), a result of disulfiram inhibition both peripherally (32, 54) and centrally (22) of aidehyde dehydrogenase. When Jacobsen (46) reported the use of disulfiram in the treatment of alcoholism in 1948, it was reported to be extremely safe, and subsequent early reports (e.g., 47) were enthusiastic.
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