Abstract
The national project “Ecology” sets to bring up to date the ecological policy of the environment-geared laws of the Russian Federation which must preserve biodiversity and afford the involvement of all participants in the process. Revegetation, as part of the program, sets to restore disturbed lands to a condition suitable for their use in the national economy and prevent their anthropogenic impact on the adjacent areas. The quality of reclamation works is not always at an adequate level, which creates difficulties in the remediated lands development. This is a consequence of insufficient information at the design stage, specifically data on the composition and properties of the soil cover and worked-out rock mass, lack of special technical support for the implementation of remediation measures at the proper level, the landscape of the deposit is not taken into account during the work with disturbed soils. Intensive use of the studied territories of the Sartakinsky, Karakansky and Mokhovsky fields both in agricultural and mining industries led to changes in the natural biocenos. This paper presents the study of soil-agrochemical characteristics (granulometric and structural structure of soil, the humus content, hydrogen index, the content of food elements, hydrolytic acidity, the sum of absorbed bases, absorption capacity, etc.) on different genetic horizons of zonal soils of Mokhovsky coal mine, and specifically unbroken soils of Mokhovsky, Sartakinsky and Karakansky fields on possibility of their use at carrying out of biological reclamation.
Highlights
The natural fund of the Kemerovo region is represented by unique ecosystems formed in the landscape of the Kuznetsk Basin under the influence of different natural and climatic zones
Mining enterprises operating on the territory of Kuzbass, implementing the program of development of the coal industry of the Russian Federation are constantly increasing their production capacity, having a man-caused impact on natural ecosystems, which leads to the violation of biodiversity up to complete eradication
The implementation of restoration activities in areas of effective overgrowth gives worse results than those created by nature during tens of years, because the disturbed lands return to the original state of disturbance and everything starts over again [1]
Summary
The natural fund of the Kemerovo region is represented by unique ecosystems formed in the landscape of the Kuznetsk Basin under the influence of different natural and climatic zones. Mining enterprises operating on the territory of Kuzbass, implementing the program of development of the coal industry of the Russian Federation are constantly increasing their production capacity, having a man-caused impact on natural ecosystems, which leads to the violation of biodiversity up to complete eradication. The negative impact of the mining industry has been the focus of specialists' attention for many years. Environmental problems associated with coal mining include coal mine accidents, ground subsidence, formation of unstable slopes subject to slippage and erosion, water damage, mining waste disposal and air pollution. These are either environmental pollution or landscape change. Disturbed land from both surface and underground mining can lead to serious problems with water quality
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