Abstract
Abstract In Colombia, political decisions related to the countryside preserve an unjust social order, maintaining inequities and obstacles to the well-being and life quality of farmers. In this scenario the Territorial Arrangement Planning of the San Nicolas Valley, in the East of the department of Antioquia, has generated a series of rural conflicts that accentuate the vulnerabilities of rural residents, threatening the agricultural tradition in this subregion. Thus, this study inquired about the perceptions of legality in the peasant population of the area. A descriptive-correlational study with non-probabilistic sampling was carried out, including 380 peasants, members of civic-rural associations of the San Nicolas Valley, evaluating in four scales: beliefs, values, knowledge of the law and perceived legality in the context. Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS v.22 software. The findings indicated significant relationships between the study variables. Despite the state abandonment of the proletariat to market forces in an area with socioeconomic imbalances, no determining link was found between low income and violation of the law.
Highlights
The same could be seen in the context perception, since the scale evaluates a negative estimate, indicating that the rural population tends to have a positive appreciation of its context in terms of legality (Table 4), especially concerning the violence in the sector and respect for norms and neighbors (M = 1.63); The perception of low trust in the State contributes negatively to this scale (M = 2.57)
It is worth highlighting in the results the proportionality between the level of studies and confidence in the State: the lower the educational level, the less confidence in the State and the more considerable justification for the violation of the law in certain circumstances, which is positively related to the results of the Perception Survey on Safety, Victimization and Coexistence in Medellin (2015), in addition going with the cultural identity shared by the sample population and the subjects of the mentioned study
The entirety of the results in terms of beliefs, values, knowledge, and perception of the context, allows to conclude that there is a favorable perception of legality in the population sample of the San Nicolas Valley, with a behavior that is appropriate to the law
Summary
The progressive territorial and socio-spatial reconfiguration of the San Nicolas Valley – known as the Altiplano of the Antioquia East or the Near East ‒ has given rise to a series of social, ecological, economic and political-changing dynamics, not without tensions and conflicts between the different actors of the civil society and capital groups with political-private. They had to sell their land, migrate to other territories or become overseers of the property that was their before
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