Abstract
What is already known about this topic?The endemic status of schistosomiasis appeared to continuously decrease in China from 2015 to 2019. The snail species Oncomelania hupensis is the only intermediate host involved in the transmission of Schistosoma japonicum, and this snail’s geographic distribution is strictly consistent with that of schistosomiasis. What is added by this report?The snail’s habitats did not decrease significantly in China from 2015 to 2019, and some habitats have been newly detected or recurrent in some regions. Snail habitats among nine counties in Hunan and Jiangxi covered nearly half of the areas with snails.What are the implications for public health practice?Considering the situation of snail distribution, strategies and measures on snail control should focus on key areas. In addition, study of the origin and causes of the newly-detected snail habitats and recurrent areas with snails needs to be strengthened, and comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent the spread of snails.
Highlights
In 2019, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, and Guangxi continually maintained the status of schistosomiasis elimination; Sichuan and Jiangsu achieved transmission interruption; and the 5 provinces of Yunnan, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangxi, and Hunan maintained the status of transmission control [3]
There were 253 counties (55.85%) with snails infested among 453 counties with schistosomiasis endemic in 2015, compared with 270 out of 450 in 2019
Though more counties with endemic schistosomiasis entered the stage of elimination, the distribution of snails increased and more counties were found with infested snails
Summary
Distribution Patterns of the Snail Intermediate Host of Schistosoma japonicum — China, 2015−2019. The snail’s habitats did not decrease significantly in China from 2015 to 2019, and some habitats have been newly detected or recurrent in some regions. Of three major human-infecting Schistosoma spp., Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) is the only one distributed in China It was endemic in 12 provincial-level administrative divisions (PLADs) in the southern Yangtze River Basin. In 2019, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, and Guangxi continually maintained the status of schistosomiasis elimination; Sichuan and Jiangsu achieved transmission interruption; and the 5 provinces of Yunnan, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangxi, and Hunan maintained the status of transmission control [3]. To know the characteristics and trends of snail distribution after achieving the standard of transmission control in China, data on snail habitat surveys were collected and analyzed from 2015 to 2019. Sichuan accounted for 29.89% (3,674.79 hm2/12,293.57 hm2), Jiangxi accounted for 19.63% (2,413.37 hm2/12,293.57 hm2), Yunnan accounted for 17.69% (2,175.10 hm2/ 12,293.57 hm2), and Anhui accounted for 12.75%
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