Abstract
The spatio-temporal distribution of juveniles of the pink shrimps Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis (Latreille, 1817) and Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Perez-Farfante, 1967) in the Ubatuba region (SP) was investigated. Sampling was performed in the bays of Ubatumirim (UBM), Ubatuba (UBA) and Mar Virado (MV). A total of 2,018 F. brasiliensis and F. paulensis were collected. The largest catch of juveniles of both species occurred in UBA (N = 867), followed by UBM (N = 729) and MV (N= 422). The bottom sediment in MV had the highest silt and clay content, which explains the negative correlation of the substrate with the abundance of both species. Temperature was positively correlated with the abundance of both species. Juveniles were highly abundant in shallower areas in the summer of 1998. The high rainfall in this El Nino period may have lowered the salinity in estuarine waters and led the shrimps to move to coastal areas in search of higher salinities such as in bays. With this unusually early reduction in salinity, individuals migrated to the bay before the closed season began and thus became more exposed to fishing. We confirmed that monitoring environmental variations, especially in El Nino years, is essential for understanding the distribution patterns of juveniles of both species.
Highlights
The pink shrimps Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis (Latreille, 1817) and Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Pérez-Farfante, 1967) are among the most important penaeids commercially exploited in the southeastern Brazilian coast (Valentini et al, 1991; D’Incao et al, 2002; DiasNeto, 2011)
During the 1970s, the harvested biomass averaged over 16,000 t y–1, but it declined to < 500 t y–1 in the late 1980s and 1990s (D’Incao et al, 2002). Species of this genus are not included in the Red List of endangered animals of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICM-Bio) classifies Farfantepenaeus Burukovsky, 1997 species as having “insufficient data”, which means that these species have a priority for evaluations of conservation status (Brasil, 2014)
If juveniles migrate in months outside the closed season period, they will be caught in large numbers in the coastal region by artisanal fisheries targeting the seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862), especially on the southern and southeastern Brazilian coast (Costa et al, 2007)
Summary
The pink shrimps Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis (Latreille, 1817) and Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Pérez-Farfante, 1967) are among the most important penaeids commercially exploited in the southeastern Brazilian coast (Valentini et al, 1991; D’Incao et al, 2002; DiasNeto, 2011). During the 1970s, the harvested biomass averaged over 16,000 t y–1, but it declined to < 500 t y–1 in the late 1980s and 1990s (D’Incao et al, 2002). If juveniles migrate in months outside the closed season period, they will be caught in large numbers in the coastal region by artisanal fisheries targeting the seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862), especially on the southern and southeastern Brazilian coast (Costa et al, 2007). As these individuals have not yet reproduced, such captures may have serious effects on the maintenance of Farfantepenaeus populations
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