Abstract
Examination of the surficial sediments of Bardawil lagoon displayed variations in the relative abundance of diatoms deposited in different sites. The disparities were dependent on several environmental factors such as pH, salinity, water depth, and some biological productivity and chemical elements. A total of 88 diatom species belonging to 37 genera were identified and counted from 12 samples that distributed along the lake. The composition of the diatom assemblage showed that the planktonic forms are not dominant as the epiphytic and benthic ones. The recorded assemblage is mainly dominated by littoral cosmopolitan marine species associated with a considerable amount of oligohalobous and mesohalobous diatom taxa. The freshwater forms are normally allochthonous and may be originated from the adjacent areas. Multivariate statistical techniques including canonical correspondence analysis and hierarchical ascending clustering were used to identify the diatom ecological groups and to investigate which environmental variables were important in explaining the variation between these groups. Five ecological groups containing distinctive diatom assemblages were recognized.
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