Abstract
Strongyloidiasis in dogs, despite its uncertain zoonotic status, is potentially danger for dogs owners. It is considered that strongyloidiases characteristic for tropical and subtropical regions, but in recent years it is increasingly found in non-endemic countries. The aim. To determine the extent of the invasion, clinical signs and diagnostic methods of strongyloidiasis in dogs of different groups in Kyiv and Kyiv region. Materials and methods. A total of 364 dogs were studied (130 animals lived in shelters (Group 1) and 234 in homes (Group 2). Diagnosis of strongyloidiasis was performed by native smear and Baerman methods. Additionally, the sensitivity of the modified string test was tested. Samples of venous blood were taken from dogs with confirmed strongyloidiasis for haematological and biochemical analysis. Results. A study found that the extent of invasion (EI) in shelters and home dogs was 3.0±0.36 % (4/130; Group 1) and 2.5±0.25 % % (6/234; Group 2) respectively. It was found that three repetitions of the Baerman method test increased its efficiency to 90.5 %. The sensitivity of the modified string test was 100 %. Clinical manifestations included disorders of the respiratory (20 %: 2/10) and digestive systems (80 %: 8/10), weight loss (70 %: 7/10). Blood tests did not reveal changes specific to strongyloidiasis, eosinophilia was observed in only one dog in the acute stage of the disease. Conclusions. The results of our studies indicate the presence of strongyloidiasis in dogs in Kyiv and Kyiv region and probability of the spread of the pathogen in the environment. Symptoms in dogs with strongyloidiasis were nonspecific and cannot be used for diagnosis. A modified string test and Baerman method has demonstrated high efficacy and may be recommended to clarify the diagnosis of a chronic invasion.
Highlights
Strongyloides stercoralis (Bavay, 1876) is a nematode of the order Rhabditida, which has a complex developmental cycle, uncertain zoonotic status, and a cosmopolitan distribution [1]
A study of shelters dogs found that the extent of invasion was 3.0±0.36 % (4/130; Group 1), while the EI of invasion among dogs kept in homes was 2.5±0.25 % (6/234; Group 2)
In this article we describe the prevalence of strongyloidiasis among dogs of different forms of keeping in Kyiv and Kyiv region, which belong to the temperate continental climate and are not endemic regions
Summary
Strongyloides stercoralis (Bavay, 1876) is a nematode of the order Rhabditida, which has a complex developmental cycle, uncertain zoonotic status, and a cosmopolitan distribution [1]. In literature considered that it multi-host parasite and infects dogs, cats, primates and humans [1, 2]. Strongyloidiasis in dogs is more common in puppies and young dogs up to one year old [6, 7]. A. Schad, it was found that the immunity of a healthy adult dog is able to stop the excessive reproduction of the pathogen S. stercoralis in its body [8]. The chronic course of the invasion is accompanied by weight loss, loss of appetite, stunted growth and development of puppies and young dogs. In the event of hyperinfection, the death of puppies or young dogs with weakened immunity is possible [9, 10]. Rabbits are an alternative commodity to fill meat stocks, as well
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