Distribution of Polymorphisms of the Renin-Angiotensin System Genes (ACE, AGT, and AGTR1), ITGB3, and FTO in Pregnant Patients with Hypertensive Disorders.

Abstract

The study included pregnant women aged 23-41 years with preeclampsia and gestation-associated arterial hypertension at weeks 27-40 and patients with essential arterial hypertension developing under conditions of the metabolic syndrome and without it. Frequency analysis of polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system genes (ACE, AGT, and AGTR1), ITGB3, FTO and their associations confirmed the syndrome nature of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. The presence allele T of AGT gene and/or allele C of AGTR1 gene in the genotype of patients with preeclampsia was associated with higher BP and pressure load over 24 h. Allele D of ACE gene was also essential for BP parameters (pressure load) in patients with preeclampsia and gestation-associated arterial hypertension. Due to high genetic heterogeneity of the preeclampsia syndrome and genetic differences in the incidence of the studied gene polymorphisms in preeclampsia and gestation-associated arterial hypertension, no direct associations between these gestation disorders and polymorphic markers of the renin-angiotensin system genes can be established. However, polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system genes are essential for the 24-h dynamics of BP and pressure load under conditions of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.