Distribution of Neck Metastases and Survival in Patients with Breast Carcinoma

Abstract

Purpose: Neck metastases in breast carcinoma are relatively rare and patients show poor survival rates. A controversy exists over whether neck metastases can be treated as distant or loco-regional metastases. The literature concerning the distribution of metastases in the neck is lacking, as well as data about whether metastases in the higher neck regions cause poorer survival than those in the supraclavicular fossa. Methods: Ultrasound investigation with fine-needle biopsy was performed on 41 breast cancer and confirmed neck metastases patients in a 6-year period. We analysed the distribution of neck metastases and patient survival rates using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression. Results: The median survival time from the diagnosis of primary disease to that of neck metastases was 21 months. The presence of metastases in sites other than the neck significantly worsened survival, but multiple metastatic sites did not make it significantly worse. The number of nodes and presence of conglomerates did not considerably affect survival. Conclusion: Neck metastases in breast carcinoma can be found not only in the supraclavicular fossa, but elsewhere in the neck as well. Survival of patients with metastases in higher neck regions was shorter, but not very much so. Survival of patients with metastases limited just to the neck was substantially better, therefore early detection and aggressive treatment that could include neck dissection should be considered.