Abstract
Background: The most common thyroid tumors originate from the epithelial follicular cells. Etiology involved in the development of thyroid carcinoma is multifactorial, including external influences and genetic predisposition. Aim: The objective of our study was to analyze the distribution of the histopathological types of thyroid carcinoma during 1999- 2015 year period, to evaluate papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma ratio and to compare thyroid carcinoma types with the data from prior epidemiological study referring to the period from 1966 -1988. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed. The trend for thyroid carcinoma cases was evaluated in the time period of 50 years. Percentages of different histopathological types of thyroid carcinoma were presented and papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma ratio was calculated for the two evaluated periods. Results: A total number of 422 thyroid carcinoma patients were diagnosed in the 1999-2015 year period vs. 323 patients in the period from 1966-1988. Analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in histopathological types of thyroid carcinoma during 1999-2015 year period, but statistically significant difference was detected between the two analyzed periods with a significant increase of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma ratio (from 3.1 to 7.3), and a significant reduction of anaplastic thyroid carcinomas cases in the more recent evaluated period (1999-2015). Conclusion: The analysis of the fifty-year-period in population of North Macedonia showed an increase in number of thyroid carcinoma cases, especially papillary and reduction of follicular thyroid carcinoma and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas cases. Further, genetic profiling studies could be useful in evaluating possible mechanisms behind this shift in histopathology of the thyroid carcinomas.
Highlights
The thyroid tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms including two basic variants: tumors of epithelial and tumors of non-epithelial origin [1]
A total number of 422 patients were diagnosed with thyroid carcinomas (TCs) during 19992015, while only 323 patients were diagnosed in the period from 19661988 [19, 20]
Distribution of histopathological types of TCs and papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC)/follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC) ratios were correlated for different periods i.e. 1966-1988 [19, 20] and 1999-2015
Summary
The thyroid tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms including two basic variants: tumors of epithelial and tumors of non-epithelial origin [1]. We have set as an objective to analyze distribution of histopathological types of TC during a period of 17 years (1999-2015), to compare TC types and PTC/FTC ratios with the data from prior epidemiological study (for the 1966-1988 year period) and to gain insight in the fifty-year trend of TCs occurrence in our country. Since these two time periods correspond well with time before and after the implementation of new regulations regarding iodine supplementation for human consumption in our country our aim was to determine the possible differences in distribution of histopathological types of TCs in relation to changes in iodine intake
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