Distribution of endosulfan insecticide residues on intensive shallot agriculture farming in Brebes Regency, Indonesia

Abstract

Endosulfan is an insecticide from the organochlorine group which was last banned in Indonesia in 2013. Endosulfan is very effective in controlling for organisms pest management and is widely used, including for controlling pest of shallot plants. The objective of the research to determine the distribution of endosulfan residues that has been carried out in three villages representing intensive shallot planting areas in Brebes Regency. The three villages were Wanasari, Siasem, and Pebatan in Wanasari sub-District. Soil sampling was carried out in June-July 2019. The prediction area of the residual endosulfan distribution in the research was 1,853 ha. The analysis of endosulfan residues was carried out in the integrated laboratory of the Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, using the QuECheRS method. From 14 soil sampling points, eleven of them were detected containing endosulfan residues exceeding Maximum Residues Limit (MRLs) of 0.0085 mg kg−1. The distribution of endosulfan residues was mapping using the spline interpolation method and divided into five categories very low, low, medium, high, very high. Interpolation showed 68.47% of the land experienced very high endosulfan residual pollution (>0.0117 mg kg−1). These results showed that pollute agricultural land need to get priority on land remediation for sustainable agriculture.