Abstract
Objective: To determine the distribution of different skeletal pattern in orthodontic patients visiting a tertiary center in midwestern Nepal.Materials & Method: A sample of 200 lateral cephalograms of Nepali patients visiting UCMS-College of Dental Surgery, Bhairahawa was obtained. The jaw base relationship was assessed from lateral cephalograms using angular measurement (ANB angle). Among the total sample size; 74 (37%) were males and 126 (63%) were female. Age was divided into 3 groups: 8-11 years, 12-17 years, and 18-36 years. Pearson Chi square test was done to test the association between age group and distribution of skeletal jaw base relationship. All data were recorded and analyzed with SPSS software.Result: The distribution of skeletal malocclusion according to ANB angle classification revealed that the most prevalent skeletal malocclusion was Class II skeletal jaw base relationship accounting up to 97(48.5%), followed by Class I 87(43.5%) and Class III 16(8%). The study showed statistically significant difference between gender and distribution of skeletal jaw base relationship (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the age groups and distribution of skeletal jaw base relationship (p<0.05).Conclusion: Most common skeletal jaw base relationship in patients seeking orthodontic patients was Class II followed by Class I and Class III in a tertiary center of mid-western Nepal.
Highlights
The prevalence of malocclusion has increased in recent decades, and it is considered one of the most common dental problems together with dental caries, gingival disease and dental fluorosis
Most common skeletal jaw base relationship in patients seeking orthodontic patients was Class II followed by Class I and Class III in a tertiary center of mid-western Nepal
The lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken in natural head position on digital cephalogram (Vatech, Korea with PaX-Image capturing software)
Summary
The prevalence of malocclusion has increased in recent decades, and it is considered one of the most common dental problems together with dental caries, gingival disease and dental fluorosis. Planning of orthodontic treatment and allocation of the resources in a certain geographic location require baseline data on the prevalence of different types of malocclusion in that area.[1] A large number of studies on the prevalence of malocclusion in different populations have been published.[2]. Angle’s classification of malocclusion is based on the mesiodistal relationship between the upper and lower dental arches. Subsequent studies revealed that the dental arch relationship is largely affected by the facial skeleton upon which the teeth are invested. Bjork pointed out that the local changes confined to the teeth can exhibit limited effect on jaw discrepancy, whereas the facial or cranial configurations may produce marked effects. Studies have primarily investigated the relationship between the type of malocclusion and cranial base angle, vertical facial dimensions, and jaw sizes. Few studies have investigated the relationship between the antero-posterior dental arch and jaw-base relationships
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