Distribution of Dendritic Cells in AIDS-Associated Oral Kaposi's Sarcoma.

Cinthia Veronica Bardalez Lopez De Cáceres,Pablo Agustin Vargas,Celeste Sánchez-Romero,Willie F P Van Heerden,Belinda K Bunn,Felipe Paiva Fonseca

doi:10.1590/0103-6440201902599

Cinthia Veronica Bardalez Lopez De Cáceres, Pablo Agustin Vargas + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201902599

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine if the distribution of Langerhans cells (LC) and interstitial dendritic cells (IDC) is altered in AIDS-associated oral Kaposi's sarcoma when compared to HIV-negative highly vascular oral lesions. Fifty-one cases of AIDS-associated oral Kaposi's sarcoma and 20 of highly vascular oral lesions were retrospectively retrieved. All cases of Kaposi's sarcoma were confirmed with immunoreactions against CD34 and HHV-8. Clinical data regarding sex, age and lesions location were obtained from pathology reports. Immunohistochemistry against CD207 (immature dendritic cells) and CD83 (mature dendritic cells) were done. LC were in the epithelium and IDC in the stroma. CD207+ cells predominated in the epithelium of the lesions, whereas CD83+ cells predominated in their stromal compartment. Kaposi's sarcoma had a lower CD207+ immature LC count (p=0.02) and an increased CD207+ IDC than highly vascular oral lesions (p<0.001). Moreover, Kaposi's sarcoma also showed an increased number of mature CD83+ IDC than highly vascular oral lesions (p<0.001). There were significant alterations in the distribution of LC and IDC in AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma when compared to HIV-negative vascular oral lesions, suggesting that changes in their concentrations may play a role in the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma.

Highlights

Kaposi’s sarcoma was first described by Dr Moritz Kaposi and is defined as an intermediate-grade vascular malignancy always associated with HHV-8 infection [1]
Braz Dent J 30(6) 2019 population in the oral manifestation of the neoplasm, the aim of this study was to determine if the distribution of Langerhans cells (LC) and interstitial dendritic cells (IDC) is altered in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)-associated oral Kaposi’s sarcoma when compared to HIV-negative highly vascular oral lesions
Its incidence revealed a dramatic increase in the early 1980’s following HIVinfection outburst worldwide and it is still overrepresented in this population, the development of the highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) usually lead to the involution of the neoplasm

Summary

Introduction

Kaposi’s sarcoma was first described by Dr Moritz Kaposi and is defined as an intermediate-grade vascular malignancy always associated with HHV-8 infection [1]. Kaposi’s sarcoma is classified according to its epidemiological features as classic, endemic, immunodeficiency- and AIDS-associated disease, as well as according to its clinical stage of development as macule, patch or nodule Kaposi’s sarcoma [2,3]. In all these scenarios, the neoplasm is microscopically characterized by an intense vascular proliferation with a spindle cell component and chronic inflammatory infiltrate. The complex inflammatory background of the disease is considered a major component in its behavior, the importance of dendritic cells (DC) remains elusive and very few studies investigated the participation of these cells in Kaposi’s sarcoma development

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