Distribution of cellulosic wall in the anthers of Arabidopsis during microsporogenesis

Abstract

Cellulose-specific staining revealed that tapetal cells and microsporocytes lose cellulosic walls before the onset of meiosis. Cellulosic wall degradation in microsporocytes might be independent of tapetal cells (or TPD1). Some cell types in a variety of angiosperms have been reported to lack cell walls. Here, we report that the tapetal cells of the anther of Arabidopsis thaliana did not appear to have a cellulosic wall based on staining with Calcofluor and Renaissance 2200. During sporogenous cell formation, cellulosic wall was present in all anther tissues. However, before meiosis it was almost absent on the tapetal cells and on the microsporocytes. In a sporocyteless/nozzle (spl/nzz) mutant, which lacks several components (microsporocytes, tapetum, middle layer and endothecium), cellulosic wall was detected in all anther cells. In another mutant, tapetum determinant1 (tpd1), which lacks tapetum and has more microsporocytes, cellulosic wall was almost absent on the microsporocytes before meiosis, similar to the wild type. These results suggest that the tapetum cells and microsporocytes lose cellulosic walls during microsporocyte formation, and that cell wall degradation occurs downstream of SPL/NZZ and is independent of TPD1.