Distribution of Body Mass Index and Random Plasma Glucose as Early Detection of Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesian Students

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by abnormal elevated blood glucose levels resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The prevalence of DM in children and adolescents is increasing worldwide. Until recently, early detection of DM was still not widely done in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to measure BMI and random plasma glucose in Indonesian students. Methods: This descriptive study involving 8th and 9th grade students at Alif Laam Miim Islamic Boarding School Surabaya aged 13 – 18 years old. Height and weight were measured using standard anthropometry. Capillary blood samples were taken on the index or middle finger of the student using a single-use lancet. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS using the T-test, Mann-Whitney, and Chi square test. Results: This study included 95 subjects with the mean age of 14.65 ± 1.83 years old. There is no significant difference of BMI (p = 0.63) and random plasma glucose (p = 0.09) between males and females. The distribution of BMI for underweight, healthy weight, overweight, and obesity were 6.32%; 64.21%; 14.74%; 14.74% respectively. None of them had a high range of random plasma glucose. Conclusion: Indonesian students in Surabaya had a healthy weight and a normal range of plasma glucose.