Abstract
Three zones are differentiated in the marine sector of the Guadalquivir estuary (SW Spain), according to a multidisciplinary analysis (water, sediment, foraminifera). Both salinities and pH increase from the innermost areas (zone 1: Ammonia tepida) to the mouth (zone 3: Ammonia beccarii), with an intermediate zone 2 (Ammonia beccarii-Triloculina trigonula). Both density and diversity are low to very low, except near the transition between zones 2 and 3. Planktonic foraminifera decrease sea Ward from zone 1 to zone 3.
Highlights
Benthic foraminifera are among the main environmental markers in coastal areas
We present the first data about the benthic foraminifera of the Guadalquivir river (SW Spain)
All foraminifera were picked from each subsample, with the calculation of the percentages of both the benthic foraminiferal species and the planktonic/ benthic index (P/B, in %)
Summary
Benthic foraminifera are among the main environmental markers in coastal areas. The distribution of these microorganisms is conditioned by diverse physical-chemical parameters of the waters (salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH), as well as by the characteristics of the substrate where they live (granulometry, geochemistry) [1,2,3]. In southwestern Spain, several studies have analyzed the spatial distribution of benthic foraminifera in the different sedimentary environments of three estuaries (Guadiana, Piedras and Tinto-Odiel) [6,7,8]. We present the first data about the benthic foraminifera of the Guadalquivir river (SW Spain).
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