Abstract
Seasonal variation of antimony was studied in order to characterize its distribution in estuarine water, pore water, sediment, and digenetic behavior in the Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem. The mean concentration of dissolved inorganic Sb ranged between 230.8 and 303.1 ng L–1 over the period of study with a minimum during the post-monsoon closely associated with spring diatom bloom. Molecular diffusion flux of Sb was found greater than its value advected and deposited on sediment-water interface and there was significant remobilization of Sb in the Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem.
Highlights
Antimony is ubiquitously present in the environment as a result of natural and anthropogenic activities [1,2,3,4]
Seasonal variation of antimony was studied in order to characterize its distribution in estuarine water, pore water, sediment, and digenetic behavior in the Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem
Molecular diffusion flux of Sb was found greater than its value advected and deposited on sediment-water interface and there was significant remobilization of Sb in the Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem
Summary
Antimony is ubiquitously present in the environment as a result of natural (rock weathering and soil runoff) and anthropogenic (fossil fuel combustion, mining and smelting activity and the application of super phosphate fertilizers to agricultural soil) activities [1,2,3,4]. Important anthropogenic sources of antimony in soil are vehicle emissions [9,10] and emissions of smelters [6]. The biogeochemical process in the ocean and estuaries are complex due to the occurrence of Sb compounds in Sb (V) & Sb (III) oxidation state. The process responsible for their variation are 1) interconversion between Sb (V) & (III) oxidation state under oxic and anoxic condition 2) indiscrepency in the adsorption/desorption kinetics between Sb (III) & (V) 3) biological activity such as phytoplankton production, biovolatilisation by fungus [12,13,14,15,16,17]
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