Distribution of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Candida&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Species and Their Susceptibility to Antifungal Drugs in Dakar, Senegal

Khadime Sylla,Souleye Lelo,Roger Clement Tine,Mamadou Dia,Leon Amath Ndiaye,Doudou Sow,Babacar Faye,Therese Dieng

doi:10.11648/j.ijidt.20190404.11

Distribution of &lt;i&gt;Candida&lt;/i&gt; Species and Their Susceptibility to Antifungal Drugs in Dakar, Senegal

Khadime Sylla, Souleye Lelo + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20190404.11

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Abstract

The large spectrum of Candida species and their susceptibility to antifungal drugs has made the identification of Candida species and the detection of drug resistance necessary for the management of Candida infection. This study was carried out to determine the distribution of Candida species and to evaluate their susceptibility to antifungal drugs. A prospective observational and descriptive study was conducted from March to June 2016 in the laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology at Fann University Hospital in Dakar. Samples were analyzed by direct microscopy and culture. Identification of Candida species was based on filamentation test, chlamydosporulation formation, auxanogramme (AUXACOLORTM Bio-Rad) and Candi-Select® 4 (Bio-Rad,). The susceptibility of Candida species to antifungal drugs was tested using Fungitest® (Bio-Rad) against 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin B, miconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole and fluconazole. A descriptive analysis was performed using Stata MP 14. Among 336 specimens received for mycological examination, 68 (20.2%) were positive for Candida. The most identified Candida species were C. albicans (58.8%), C. glabrata (16.2%), C tropicalis (7.4%), C krusei (7.4%), C. parapsilosis (4.4%), C. dubliniensis (4.4%) and C. kefyr (1.5%). The majority of isolates were susceptible to ketoconazole (94.3%), fluconazole (85.7%), amphotericin B and 5 fluoro-cytosine (88.6%). The susceptibility rates were lower for itraconazole (51.4%) and miconazole (68.6%). One strain of C. albicans was resistant to 5 fluoro-cytosine, one strain of C. glabrata and C. tropicalis were resistant to itraconazole. The results of this study provide useful information regarding the distribution of Candida species and the susceptibility to antifungal drug. Routine identification of Candida species and monitoring of resistance patterns are necessary to manage Candida infection and to control the spread of resistance in clinical isolates of Candida species.

Highlights

Fungal species within genus Candida are known to colonize skin, nails, gastro-intestinal and vaginal mucosa. 20 to 25% of vaginal tract infections in women are due to Candida species [1,2]
In order to analyze the changing trends in the distribution of Candida species and to better guide clinician for the antifungal treatment prescription, we carried out this study aimed to determine the distribution of different Candida species and their susceptibility to six antifungal drugs
Reading and Interpretation of results: (i) Only examine the plate when the positive control (T+) wells are pink. (ii) Observe any color change in the wells containing the antifungal agent compared to the negative control wells. (iii) Interpret according to the color of the 2 wells for each antifungal agent: Blue-Blue=no growth: strain inhibited by the antifungal agent in vitro, Pink-Blue=low growth: intermediate strain, Pink-Pink=growth: strain not inhibited by the antifungal agent in vitro [11]

Summary

Introduction

Fungal species within genus Candida are known to colonize skin, nails, gastro-intestinal and vaginal mucosa. 20 to 25% of vaginal tract infections in women are due to Candida species [1,2]. Fungal species within genus Candida are known to colonize skin, nails, gastro-intestinal and vaginal mucosa. 20 to 25% of vaginal tract infections in women are due to Candida species [1,2]. C. albicans is the most frequent species causing Candida onychomycosis [3]. Over the last 20 years, the incidence of fungal invasive infection is highly increased and Candida species are identified as the main causal agent. In person with immune system deficiency, invasive candidiasis is the most frequent fungal infection. The most commonly isolated specie is Candida albicans 56%. The mortality due to Candida albicans is about 37.9%. Among the non-albicans species, Khadime Sylla et al.: Distribution of Candida Species and Their Susceptibility to Antifungal Drugs in Dakar, Senegal

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