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Abstract
This paper presents the European distribution of the understudied, host-specific rust fungus, Uromyces erythronii (Pucciniomycetes, Pucciniales, Pucciniaceae). Distribution data were derived from the survey of herbarium materials of its European host plant, Erythronium dens-canis. We demonstrate the presence of this rust fungus in 14 countries within the distribution area of its host. The temporal trend of emergence of the two rust fungus generations (aecia and telia) is presented. Based on the study of 1700 E. dens-canis individuals, we conclude that the overall infection rate has not changed significantly over the last 200 years. During field surveys, U. erythronii infection was detectable in most of the studied Erythronium populations (88.5%). A high similarity in the nrITS region was detected among samples from Europe (Croatia, Romania) and Asia (Japan).
Highlights
Despite their antagonistic nature, parasitic relationships play an important role in shaping ecosystems and biodiversity (Gómez & Nichols 2013)
We reviewed 525 herbarium sheets of Erythronium dens-canis in eight herbaria
Uromyces erythronii infection was detected on 199 herbarium sheets (335 individuals) of Erythronium denscanis (Table 1)
Summary
Despite (or just due to) their antagonistic nature, parasitic relationships play an important role in shaping ecosystems and biodiversity (Gómez & Nichols 2013). Diseases constrain hosts to evolve resistance or tolerance strategies (Roy & Kirchner 2000), the hosts and parasites are always in antagonistic co-evolutionary race (Stahl & Bishop 2000), unless the interaction eventually evolves towards commensalism The autoecious rust fungus Uromyces erythronii (DC.) Pass. In Europe, the only known host plant of this fungus is E. dens-canis L., a Red List species in several countries According to the criteria of the IUCN Red List, E. dens-canis is categorized as Vulnerable (“VU”) in the entire Carpathians and in Hungary, Hungary. Nagy & al.: Distribution, infection rates and DNA barcoding of Uromyces erythronii in Europe According to the criteria of the IUCN Red List, E. dens-canis is categorized as Vulnerable (“VU”) in the entire Carpathians and in Hungary, Hungary. 5 MTA-DE Behavioural Ecology Research Group, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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