Abstract
The size distribution characteristics of fragments formed after loose blasting in open-pit mine will directly affect the economic benefits of the mining enterprise. The impact load test of coal samples with pressure ranging from 0.13MPa to 2.0MPa was carried out by using the split Hope Pressure Bar Test System (SHPB). Based on the theory of stress wave attenuation, the relationship between blasting load and coal samples impact test in the laboratory is established. It is concluded that with the increase of impact pressure, the degree of coal samples breakage increases gradually. According to the requirement of blasting quality in open-pit mine, it is concluded that the impact pressure range with good crushing effect is 0.30MPa ≤P ≤0.90 MPa. Based on image recognition method, the fragmentation distribution characteristics of loose deposits of coal seam blasting in open-pit mine are obtained. Combining the impact load test in the laboratory and the fragmentation distribution of coal seam blasting, the influence area of blasting impact fragmentation is divided. According to the research results, two optimization schemes of blasting parameters are put forward and the blasting effect of the two schemes is verified by numerical simulation using ANSYS/LSDYNA. Through field blasting optimization test in open-pit mine, it is concluded that increasing blasting hole spacing and row spacing can effectively control dust pollution and increase massive coal rate.
Highlights
The mining industry, especially the open-pit mining, are encountering many challenges, such as the proper waste disposal and improvement in efficiency [1]–[4]
Blasting fragmentation refers to the size of coal and rock fragments formed by blasting, and the specific evaluation indexes include fragments size distribution function, average size of fragments, the number of fragments in each size range [7]
According to the block distribution characteristics of coal rock sample failure under impact load, combined with the minimum cost control of coal seam blasting, the broken pieces are divided into three groups according to the particle size range: large diameter, medium diameter and powder
Summary
The mining industry, especially the open-pit mining, are encountering many challenges, such as the proper waste disposal and improvement in efficiency [1]–[4]. This seriously affects the mine operating environment and corporate image, and limits the sustainable development capability of coal mines. Based on the evaluation of blasting fragmentation characteristics, an optimization scheme of blasting parameters for controlling fragmentation distribution is proposed
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