Abstract
The conventional energy system dependent on exhaustible resources which use single-way interfacing between the source and the consumer via generation, transmission, distribution and consumption is inefficient, unsustainable and non-reliable due to the high energy needs of the digital society. A new system must be defined which overcomes all the above disadvantages and is self-reliable and manageable. The objective of this paper is to compare the conventional electricity grid system with the modern (smart grid) system, to define the smart grid, its components and their impact on the future of the electrical system. There is a need to use electrical energy in a more efficient and sustainable manner. The aim is to define a system that will be cyber secured and a two-way interface between the supplier and customers. This system will work on real-time data and also integrate it with technologies, tools and techniques to identify faults and reconfigure them automatically based on proper diagnostics. Also, several new components such as distribution generators and mini-grids will be introduced which will run the system uninterruptedly during the outages. This paper gives a brief about the distribution automation and energy management system post comparing conventional grid system with the smart grid system.
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