Distribution and Thermal Maturity of Devonian Carbonate Reservoir Solid Bitumen in Desheng Area of Guizhong Depression, South China

Yuguang Hou,Zhiwei Fan,Yingrui Song,Sheng He,Yukun Liu,Yaqi Liang

doi:10.1155/2017/4580416

Yuguang Hou, Zhiwei Fan + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4580416

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Abstract

The distribution of solid bitumen in the Devonian carbonate reservoir from well Desheng 1, Guizhong Depression, was investigated by optical microscope and hydrocarbon inclusions analysis. Vb and chemical structure indexes measured by bitumen reflectance, laser Raman microprobe (LRM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were carried out to determine the thermal maturity of solid bitumen. Based on the solid bitumen thermal maturity, the burial and thermal maturity history of Devonian carbonate reservoir were reconstructed by basin modeling. The results indicate that the fractures and fracture-related dissolution pores are the main storage space for the solid bitumen. The equivalent vitrinite reflectance of solid bitumen ranges from 3.42% to 4.43% converted by Vb (%) and LRM. The infrared spectroscopy analysis suggests that there are no aliphatic chains detected in the solid bitumen which is rich in aromatics C=C chains (1431–1440 cm−1). The results of Vb (%), LRM, and FTIR analysis demonstrate that the solid bitumen has experienced high temperature and evolved to the residual carbonaceous stage. The thermal evolution of Devonian reservoirs had experienced four stages. The Devonian reservoirs reached the highest reservoir temperature 210–260°C during the second rapid burial-warming stage, which is the main period for the solid bitumen formation.

Highlights

Reservoir bitumen, a type of solid and amorphous organic matter, is the product of maturation of organic matter and can be regarded as a critical symbol to prospect hydrocarbon reservoirs [1,2,3,4,5]
The following conclusions can be drawn in this study: (1) Fractures and fracture-related dissolution pores are the main storage space for solid bitumen
(2) The equivalent vitrinite reflectance of the solid bitumen in well DS1 ranges from 3.42% to 4.43%, and no aliphatic chains were detected by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)

Summary

Introduction

A type of solid and amorphous organic matter, is the product of maturation of organic matter and can be regarded as a critical symbol to prospect hydrocarbon reservoirs [1,2,3,4,5]. The origin of reservoir solid bitumen is generally attributed to thermal cracking and nonthermal cracking. The thermal events, such as the high overburden temperature and the activity of igneous rocks, can generate the thermal gradual change bitumen and the thermal spikes bitumen, respectively [6]. The pyrolytic bitumen represents the end product of oil thermal cracking. The formation of nonthermal cracking reservoir bitumen is basically due to oxidation, biodegradation, water washing, and deasphalting. Biodegradation is thought to be the most common trigger to secondary alteration of hydrocarbon and accounts for most of heavy oil in the world [7,8,9]

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