Abstract
PurposeSpina bifida occulta (SBO) is one of the most common congenital spinal deformities. Although many studies have demonstrated the influence of lumbosacral dysplasia on low back pain (LBP) in young athletes, there have been few studies on SBO among young people in other occupations. The purpose of this study is to investigate the distribution of SBO in young people with LBP and to classify SBO from the perspective of lamina development.MethodsThe X-ray films of 148 young patients with LBP were analyzed to quantify the distribution of SBO and classify abnormal laminae.ResultsOf the 148 patients, 93 (61.49%) had SBO: 83 cases involved S1 alone, 2 involved L5–S1, 5 involved S1–2, 2 involved S1–4, and 1 involved L4–S4. According to the degree of the defect, the patients with SBO were divided on the basis of five grades: 9 patients with grade I, 53 with grade II, 23 with grade III, and 8 with grade IV. The cases were classified by the shape of the laminae into 4 types: 15 cases of type a, 11 cases of type b, 37 cases of type c, and 30 cases of type d.ConclusionAmong the young people with LBP that we surveyed, SBO is the most common lumbosacral dysplasia, which frequently involves the S1 segment. Most laminae in SBO are in the developmental stage of the spinous process, and an abnormal laminar growth direction and laminar stenosis are the most common laminar morphologies in SBO.
Highlights
Low back pain (LBP) is the most common musculoskeletal disease [1] and one of the main complaints in spine surgery clinics
There have been many studies [4,5,6,7] that demonstrate the influence of lumbosacral dysplasia and spondylolysis on LBP in young athletes, there have been few studies on the distribution of Spina bifida occulta (SBO) among young people in other occupations
In our observation of S1 laminae, we found that 9 patients had grade I defect, all of which were type c in terms of morphology; 53 patients had grade II defect, of which there were 8 patients with type a, 8 patients with type b, 12 patients with type c, and 25 patients with type d morphologies
Summary
Low back pain (LBP) is the most common musculoskeletal disease [1] and one of the main complaints in spine surgery clinics. Many factors, such as lumbar muscle strain, lumbar disc herniation, and lumbar spondylolisthesis, can cause LBP, which occurs in high-, middle-, and low-income countries and all age groups, from children to the elderly [2]. The above studies investigated the causes of LBP in professional football and basketball players and found that lumbar spondylolysis was the most common underlying cause in this group. We designed this study to investigate the distribution of SBO in young people with LBP and to classify the laminar morphology of SBO from the perspective of laminar development
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