Abstract
Reliable and sufficient information regarding status, distribution and habitat preference of red panda (Ailurus fulgens fulgens) is lacking in Nepal. The research activities on red panda in the mid-western Nepal are very limited, so the status of red panda in the region is quite unknown. The study conducted during May, 2013 in three Village Development Committees (VDCs) namely Godhemahadev, Malikathata and Tamti of Jumla district was an important step for providing vital information including distribution and habitat preference of this species. The study included the reconnaissance, key informants survey, interviews and consultation for the most potential area identification, opportunistic survey comprising the direct observation and indirect sign count method for the presence and distribution, habitat assessment consisting vegetation sampling and ocular estimation. The study revealed the presence of red panda in three forests namely Bahirepatan, Imilchadamar and Tyakot of Godhemahadev, Tamti and Malikathata VDCs respectively. The species was found distributed between 2880 and 3244 m with an average dropping encounter rate of 1.04 per hour of searching effort and 12 pellets per dropping. Red panda mostly preferred the habitat in the elevation range of 2900 - 3000 m with southwest facing steep slopes (36? - 45?), associated with water sources at the distance of ≤100 m. Trees such as Acer spp., Betula utilis and Quercus semecarpifolia, shrub species of Elaeagnus parvifolia, Drepanostachyum spp. and Jasminum humile, and the herbs like Polygonatum cirrhifolium, Fragaria nubicola and Galium asperifolium were found to be the most preferred species by red panda. The red panda preferred the habitat with dense crown coverage (>20% - 100%) and 31% - 50% ground cover. Fallen logs (39%) were the most preferred substrate used for defecation.
Highlights
The red panda (Ailurus fulgens), the sole representative species of the monotypic family Ailuridae, one among the two sub-species Ailurus fulgens fulgens and Ailurus fulgens styani [1] [2], is a threatened carnivore mammal species.Globally, red pandas are found throughout the Himalayan mountains of Nepal, India, Bhutan, Myanmar and China between 2200 and 4800 m altitude [1]-[8]
In Nepal, red pandas are distributed within a narrow elevation range between 2500 and 4200 m in the northern part of the country and are confirmed to occur in eight Protected Areas (PAs) including Langtang National Park and Buffer Zone (LNP and BZ) [9]-[11], Kangchenjungha Conservation Area (KCA) [12], Makalu Barun National Park and Buffer Zone (MBNP and BZ) [13], Sagarmatha National Park and Buffer Zone (SNP and BZ) [14], Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA) [13], Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve (DHR) [15]-[18], Rara National Park and Buffer Zone (RNP and BZ) [19] and Gaurishankar Conservation Area (GCA) [20]
On 21st May 2013 (9:30 a.m.), one adult red panda was sighted in Tyakot forests of ward No 9, Khopry, Malikathata Village Development Committees (VDCs)
Summary
Red pandas are found throughout the Himalayan mountains of Nepal, India, Bhutan, Myanmar and China between 2200 and 4800 m altitude [1]-[8]. In Nepal, red pandas are distributed within a narrow elevation range between 2500 and 4200 m in the northern part of the country and are confirmed to occur in eight Protected Areas (PAs) including Langtang National Park and Buffer Zone (LNP and BZ) [9]-[11], Kangchenjungha Conservation Area (KCA) [12], Makalu Barun National Park and Buffer Zone (MBNP and BZ) [13], Sagarmatha National Park and Buffer Zone (SNP and BZ) [14], Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA) [13], Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve (DHR) [15]-[18], Rara National Park and Buffer Zone (RNP and BZ) [19] and Gaurishankar Conservation Area (GCA) [20]. Some of the studies suggested the presence of red panda outside the PAs in Nepal. Its presence has been recorded in Manang district, north-central part of Nepal [24] and Kalikot [25], Jajarkot [26] of mid-western Nepal
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