Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in infectious ophthalmic diseases

Abstract

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of the major pathogens in infectious ophthalmic diseases. Methods A total of 2345 specimens of infectious ophthalmic diseases in the second hospital of Yunnan Province during January 2009 to July 2014 were cultured and identified for bacteria and fungus. The genus distribution of isolates and resistance regularity to antibiotics were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of the 2345 specimens, 674(28.7%)were positive in culture, in which 496(73.6%)were positive for bacteria, and 178(26.4%)were positive for fungus. In 496 bacterial isolates, 325(65.5%)were Gram-positive cocci and Staphylococcus epidemidis was the predominant(76.6%, 249/325); 124(25%)isolates were Gram-negative bacillus, in which 48(38.7%)isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 42(33.9%)isolates were klebsiella pneumoniae. The rest 47(9.5%)isolates were Gram-positive bacillus. Of the 178 fungus isolates, 176(98.9%)were filamentous fungi. Fusarium sp.(81.3%, 143/176)was the most common pathogen, followed by aspergrium sp.(13.6%, 24/176). In vitro drug sensitivity tests showed that Staphylococcus epidemidis was highly resistant to penicillin and erythromycin, various resistance to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, tetracycline and gentamicin. No isolate was found resistant to vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, Quinu-pristin/Dalfopristin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highly sensitive to commonly used antimicrobial agents. Klebsiella pneumoniae was completely resistant to ampicillin and piperacillin, high percentages(57.1%)resistance to cefazolin, but more sensitive to the rest of antimicrobial agents. Conclusions Staphylococcus epidemidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most common pathogens in infectious ophthalmic diseases, and fusarium sp. is the most common fungal pathogen. Local data of culturing and susceptibility test offers a guideline for the treatment of infectious ophthalmic diseases. Key words: Eye infections; Pathogen; Drug resistance