Distribution and characteristics of rodent picornaviruses in China.

Jiang Du,Fan Yang,Qiyong Liu,Fei Guo,Haoxiang Su,Jie Dong,Feng Liu,Lilian Sun,Xianwen Ren,Yafang Zhu,Qi Jin,Liang Lu,Zhiqiang Wu

doi:10.1038/srep34381

Abstract

Rodents are important reservoir hosts of many important zoonotic viruses. The family Picornaviridae contains clinically important pathogens that infect humans and animals, and increasing numbers of rodent picornaviruses have recently been associated with zoonoses. We collected 574 pharyngeal and anal swab specimens from 287 rodents of 10 different species from eight representative regions of China from October 2013 to July 2015. Seven representative sequences identified from six rodent species were amplified as full genomes and classified into four lineages. Three lineage 1 viruses belonged to a novel genus of picornaviruses and was more closely related to Hepatovirus than to others genera of picornaviruses based on aa homology. Lineage 2, lineage 3, and lineage 4 viruses belonged to the genera Rosavirus, Hunnivirus, and Enterovirus, respectively, representing new species. According to both phylogenetic and identity analyses, Lineage 2 viruses had a close relationship with rosavirus 2 which was recovered from the feces of a child in Gambia and Lineage 3 viruses had a close relationship with domestic animal Hunnivirus. Lineage 4 viruses provide the first evidence of these enteroviruses and their evolution in rodent hosts in China.

Highlights

Hu Bei Ji Lin Yun Nan Inner Mogolia Ning Xia Tibet2014 Shan Xi Fu Jian Tibet2015
In a phylogenetic tree of representative picornaviruses and cripaviruses based on the aa of VP2 region, lineage 1 viruses clustered with hepatitis A virus (HAV) to form the sole independent branch between insect and mammalian picornaviruses (Supplemental Fig. 7)
Firth et al.[25] identified a wide range of known and novel viruses from groups that include important human pathogens, including sapoviruses, cardioviruses, kobuviruses, parechoviruses, rotaviruses, and hepaciviruses carried by commensal Rattus norvegicus in New York city[25]

Summary

Introduction

Hu Bei Ji Lin Yun Nan Inner Mogolia Ning Xia Tibet2014 Shan Xi Fu Jian Tibet2015. The P2 region of lineage 1 viruses shared 17.3–23.6% aa identity with other picornaviruses, and 76.1–86.7% with each other. The almost complete 5′UTR of Rodent/Rn/PicoV/SX2015-2 (SX2015-2) showed 81% nt sequence identity with the corresponding region of OhuV-1 (HM153767).

Results

Conclusion