Distribution and antifungal resistance rate of yeast isolated from various samples

Abstract

Objective: Yeast causes hospital-acquired infections at increasing rates, which can cause serious mortality, especially in patients with a suppressed immune system. This study aimed to determine the species distribution and antifungal resistance rates of yeast isolated in a hospital. Material and Methods: Isolated yeasts from clinical specimens of patients who received inpatient treatment in different clinics in our hospital between 1 December 2019 and 30 September 2020 were examined. In all of these isolates, species identification was made with an automated system in addition to classical methods. Additionally, the antifungal susceptibility of yeast against amphotericin B, flucytosine, Fluconazole, micafungin, caspofungin, and Voriconazole was investigated using an automated system. Results: In the study, yeasts isolated from 183 clinical samples, including 64 vagen, 62 blood, 28 urine, 12 wounds, eight tracheal aspirates, five peritoneal fluids, three catheters and one cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were included. Of these isolates, 93 were Candida albicans (50,82%), 40 were Candida parapsilosis (21,86%), 17 were Candida tropicalis (9,29%), eight were Candida glabrata (4,37%), eight were Stephanoascus ciferrii (4,37%), five were Candida lusitaniae (2,19%), four were Candida famata (2,19%), four were Cryptococcus laurentii (2,19%) and four were Candida krusei ( 2,19%). Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed in 103 of the isolates. The highest resistance was found against Fluconazole, with 16.8%, and the lowest resistance was against flucytosine, with 2.2%. Antifungal resistance rates of Fluconazole, Voriconazole, amphotericin B, flucytosine, caspofungin and micafungin were found as 16.8%, 8.2%, 6.1%, 2.2%, 2.9% and 6.8% respectively. Conclusion: Due to the increasing frequency of fungal infections due to long-term hospitalization, it has been concluded that identifying the causative species and reporting the antifungal susceptibility status is important in monitoring the change in resistance rates and guiding the treatment.