Distributed-to-Centralized Data Management Through Data LifeCycle Models for Zero Emission Neighborhoods

Abstract

Data management and organization in context have been highlighted as a complex scenario during their entire life cycle (DLC) models by several research groups. Similarly, smart city has been faced several challenges and complexities to organize the obtained data from data sources across the city. Currently, there are two main references for the data management architecture in the smart city scenarios, Centralized Data Management (CDM) and Distributed-to-Centralized Data Management (D2C-DM). In this paper, we developed our proposed hierarchical D2C-DM architecture for Zero Emission Neighborhoods (ZEN) center in Norway. In the beginning, we extend the proposed Data LifeCycle model (DLC) for smart city scenario concerning the ZEN Key Performance Indicators (KPI) and their required business models. Afterward, we map the ZEN DLC model to our proposed D2C-DM for smart city, including the ZEN center. In addition, the fully hierarchical D2C architecture has the potential to organize all data life cycle stages from data production to data consumption across the city on the smart city scenarios. Finally, we discuss and conclude several capabilities of the proposed D2C-DM through the related DLC models in the ZEN center scenario, such as: (i) using all benefits of data management architectures from distributed to centralizes schema simultaneously and in one unified architecture; (ii) handling all different obtained data types (including real-time, last-recent, and historical data) in smart cities and the ZEN data types (consisting of the context, research, and KPI data) each cross-layer (from IoT devices to Cloud technologies) of the architecture.