Abstract
The Lianjiang Plain in China and ancient villages distributed within the plain are under the potential threat of surface motion change, but no effective monitoring strategy currently exists. Distributed Scatterer InSAR (DSInSAR) provides a new high-resolution method for the precise detection of surface motion change. In contrast to the first-generation of time-series InSAR methodology, the distributed scatterer-based method focuses both on pointwise targets with high phase stability and distributed targets with moderate coherence, the latter of which is more suitable for the comprehensive environment of the Lianjiang Plain. In this paper, we present the first study of surface motion change detection in the Lianjiang Plain, China. Two data stacks, including 54 and 29 images from Sentinel-1A adjacent orbits, are used to retrieve time-series surface motion changes for the Lianjiang Plain from 2015 to 2018. The consistency of measurement has been cross-validated between adjacent orbit results with a statistically significant determination coefficient of 0.92. The temporal evolution of representative measuring points indicates three subzones with varied surface patterns: Eastern Puning (Zone A) in a slight elastic rebound phase with a moderate deformation rate (0–40 mm/yr), Chaonan (Zone B) in a substantial subsidence phase with a strong deformation rate (−140–0 mm/yr), and Chaoyang (Zone C) in a homogeneous and stable situation (−10–10 mm/yr). The spatial distribution of these zones suggests a combined change dynamic and a strong concordance of factors impacting surface motion change. Human activities, especially groundwater exploitation, dominate the subsidence pattern, and natural conditions act as a supplementary inducement by providing a hazard-prone environment. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of spatial and temporal details in this study provides a basis for systematic surface motion monitoring, cultural heritage protection and groundwater resources management.
Highlights
Over the past decade, the Lianjiang Plain (LJP) has experienced rapid growth in its both population and social development
To fill these research gaps, we present the first result of a distributed scatterers (DS)-based InSAR (DSInSAR) prototype study in LJP that focuses on surface motion detection, as well as spatial and temporal pattern analysis
We preliminarily suggest that places with a deforming rate within the range (−80 mm/year to −140 mm/year) to be more risky in LJP due to a large number of textile factories distributing upon deposits with susceptible geology
Summary
The Lianjiang Plain (LJP) has experienced rapid growth in its both population and social development. From a heritage-protection prospective, multi-temporal InSAR has been proved to be an effective tool in risk assessment and damage monitoring in conserving the ancient rampart of Nanjing [22], the Summer Palace of Beijing [23], and the Historic Centre of Rome [24] Unlike these famous sites, LJP is a newly developing urban agglomeration with few existing surface motion monitoring networks, but reports of house destruction associated with surface motion change have increased recently. This work provides a detailed reference for systematic surface motion monitoring efforts in LJP
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