Distributed generation for Microgrid technology

Abstract

Distributed Generation (DG) refers to the generation of electricity from various small-scale sources of energy such as solar panels, wind turbines, or micro-turbines, located near the consumers. Microgrids (MGs), on the other hand are localized and autonomous electrical systems that can operate independently or in connection with the main power grid. The integration of DG within MGs has gained significant attention due to its potential benefits. This arrangement allows for increased efficiency, improved reliability, and enhanced resilience in the delivery of electricity. Furthermore, it enables the utilization of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), reducing reliance on conventional fossil fuel-based power generation. In an MG with DG, the power generation sources are dispersed throughout the grid, supplying electricity to nearby consumers. Depending on the availability and generation capacity of each source, the MG can efficiently balance the energy supply and demand. In cases where excess generation occurs, the surplus energy can be exported back to the primary grid or stored for future use. The decentralized nature of distributed generation in MGs also contributes to more excellent grid stability and reliability. If any part of the main grid experiences a power outage, the MG can continue to operate independently, providing uninterrupted electricity to the connected consumers. This feature is especially valuable in remote areas, critical facilities, or during emergencies, where maintaining a reliable power supply is essential.