Abstract
Fiber-optic sensing (FOS) are an emerging technology in hydraulic fracture diagnosis. Fiber-optic sensing technologies mainly include distributed temperature sensing (DTS) and distributed sound sensing (DAS). During hydraulic fracturing, the perforation cluster efficiency for cemented plug and perforation (PnP) wells, points of fracture initiation for packer and sleeve (PnS), and fluid channelling between fractured intervals caused by either tubular or annular leaks could be quantitatively evaluated by DTS data. Combined with DAS data, fluid distributions for each fracturing stage along the entire horizontal wellbore could be obtained. The roles of DTS and DAS in different hydraulic fracture stages are comprehensively analyzed in this paper. It provides a guidance for application of FOs in oil industry.
Highlights
Fiber-optic sensing technology has long been used in single-well hydraulic fracturing analysis, and its focus has been on the advantages of distributed temperature sensing (DTS) and distributed sound sensing (DAS) technologies and how these technologies have evolved from qualitative interpretation to quantitative interpretation
This paper argues that the fiber optic sensing technology used in hydraulic fracturing is limited to monitor the near wellbore zone
Combining fiber optic sensing results with micro-seismic, micro-deformation and inter-well pressure parameters, they can help to understand how fluid flows from the wellbore to the reservoir, and understand the influence of fracture initiation location on the geometry of far-field fractures
Summary
Fiber-optic sensing technology has long been used in single-well hydraulic fracturing analysis, and its focus has been on the advantages of distributed temperature sensing (DTS) and distributed sound sensing (DAS) technologies and how these technologies have evolved from qualitative interpretation to quantitative interpretation. The industry has carried out a more in-depth study and application [1].This paper will review the application of fiber optic sensing technology during and after fracturing. This type of sensing technology is the most widely used in hydraulic fracturing operations. Combining fiber optic sensing results with micro-seismic, micro-deformation and inter-well pressure parameters, they can help to understand how fluid flows from the wellbore to the reservoir, and understand the influence of fracture initiation location on the geometry of far-field fractures. The use of integrated sensing diagnostic models, such as combined near-well data monitored by fiber optic sensing with far-field monitoring data, can provide additional constraints for fracture and reservoir modelling
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