Abstract
In this chapter, the cognitive radio MAC protocol is considered in a practical scenario, and we examine the effect of perfect and imperfect sensing on the performance of throughput and energy efficiency of the cognitive radio network. Idle channel detection in the cognitive radio MAC protocol is affected by false alarm probability that occurs due to imperfect sensing. A false alarm occurs when the cognitive user falsely (imperfectly) detects a licensed channel as busy which is actually idle, so in this situation the cognitive user cannot utilize the opportunity of data transmission. Imperfect sensing resulted from a false alarm affects the system performance of the cognitive radio network by missing opportunities for spectrum use in comparison to perfect sensing, as demonstrated in the simulation results. The miss-detection also results in the imperfect sensing of licensed channels, due to which the cognitive user transmits its data on a licensed channel already occupied by the primary user and hence causes interference to the primary user. In this chapter, a potential scheme is proposed to depict the effects of perfect and imperfect sensing on the performance of the proposed distributed cognitive radio MAC protocol. In addition, the optimal number of contention slots is achieved for the proposed MAC protocol, which has avoided the contention slots-throughput trade-off problem. The performance of the MAC protocol for different licensed channels utilization probability is simulated. The simulation results illustrate that throughput and energy efficiency of the MAC protocol for an imperfectly sensed environment are lower than those of the perfect sensing scenario, and interference to the primary user is lower in the proposed protocol for smaller values of missed detection probability.
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