Distress, waitlists and unmet needs: parents’ reports of child psychological difficulties in Aotearoa New Zealand

Abstract

ObjectiveDemand for children’s mental health services has increased in New Zealand, yet little is known of young children’s experience of psychological difficulties and treatment. This study investigated psychological symptoms and treatment experiences among primary-aged children. MethodAn online survey of parents assessed children’s anxiety, depression, attentional, emotional, conduct and peer problems, and experiences seeking psychological treatment. ResultsBased on 382 parental reports, between 24.9 and 34.6% of children experienced abnormal-range symptoms. Older children had higher distress, depression, and anxiety. Boys had more conduct, hyperactivity, and peer problems. Ethnicity was not associated with the incidence of symptoms, but parents of Pākeha/European children reported greater impact than Māori parents. One-third of children had been referred for assessment; more often older children, and those with higher hyperactivity, impact, and anxiety. Parents reported difficulties accessing assessment, common barriers included waitlists (53%), cost (43%), and not knowing who to contact (36%). Following intervention, only 51% of parents reported improvements. ConclusionNZ primary-aged children are experiencing more symptoms of psychological distress than previously reported and extensive difficulties accessing treatment. Implications for Public HealthThere is a need for further screening and increased access to treatment to prevent worsening mental health outcomes in children.