Abstract
Distraction osteogenesis has great advantages in augmentation of hypoplastic facial bones resulting posttraumatically or due to congenital malformation. The mandible can be elongated by intraoral or extraoral devices. The intraoral devices are smaller, do not leave an external scar, and do not cause social inconvenience to the patient. The main disadvantages are less control of vector and the need for a second operation for removal. The fundamental principles of mandibular distraction concerning planning of distraction, location of the osteotomy, control of vector of lengthening, and type of distraction device will be discussed.
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