Distortional buckling formulae for cold-formed steel C and Z-section members: Part I—derivation

Abstract

This paper presents the derivation of generalised beam theory (GBT)-based fully analytical formulae to provide distortional critical lengths and bifurcation stress resultant estimates in cold-formed steel C and Z-section members (i) subjected to uniform compression (columns), pure bending (beams) or a combination of both (beam–columns), (ii) with arbitrary sloping single-lip stiffeners and (iii) displaying four end support conditions. These formulae incorporate genuine folded-plate theory, a feature which is responsible for their generality and high accuracy. After a brief outline of the GBT fundamentals and linear stability analysis procedure, the main concepts and steps involved in the derivation of the distortional buckling formulae are described and discussed. Moreover, the paper also includes a few remarks concerning novel aspects related to the distortional buckling behaviour of Z-section beams and C-section beam–columns, which were unveiled by the GBT-based approach. Finally, note that, in a companion paper [Thin-Walled Struct., 2004 doi: 10.1016/j.tws.2004.05.002], the formulae derived here are validated and their application, accuracy and capabilities are illustrated. In particular, the GBT-based estimates are compared with exact results and, when possible, also with values yielded by the formulae developed by Lau and Hancock, Hancock, Schafer and Teng et al.