Abstract
The aim of this work was to distinguish between chromosomes of A-genome of 6x-triticale and Am--genome of T. monococcum and to evaluate the efficiency of distinguishing secondary tetraploid triticale lines varying in A/Am chromosome substitutions. These secondary tetraploid lines were developed by crossing of this hexaploid triticales with the synthetic allotetraploid T. monococcum/S. cereale (AmAmRR) as a male parent. The comparative C-banding showed that chromosomes of T. monococcum are less easily stained than are chromosomes of hexaploid triticale. Precise differential staining of tetraploid triticale lines with complete A genome distinguished chromosomes originating from Am-genome of primary AmAmRR allotetraploid and those substituted from A-genome of 6x-triticale. Seventeen different chromosome constitutions of tetraploid triticale with complete A-genome were identified. The assessed substitutions showed close linkage with several phenotypic traits. Chromosomes 2A, 4A, 5A and 6A participated in substitutions with significantly higher frequency than other chromosomes of A-genome.
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