Distinctive in-planta acclimation responses to basal growth and acute heat stress were induced in\xa0Arabidopsis by cattle manure biochar

Abhay Kumar,Ludmila Tsechansky,Haya Friedman,Ellen R Graber

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-88856-7

Abhay Kumar, Ludmila Tsechansky + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88856-7

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Journal: Scientific Reports	Publication Date: May 10, 2021
Citations: 5	License type: open-access

Affiliation: Agricultural Research Organization

Abstract

In-planta mechanisms of biochar (BC)-mediated improved growth were evaluated by examining oxidative stress, metabolic, and hormonal changes of Arabidopsis wild-type plants under basal or acute heat stress (–HS/ + HS) conditions with or without BC (+ BC/–BC). The oxidative stress was evaluated by using Arabidopsis expressing redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein in the plastids (pla-roGFP2). Fresh biomass and inflorescence height were greater in + BC(‒HS) plants than in the –BC(‒HS) plants, despite similar leaf nutrient levels, photosystem II (PSII) maximal efficiencies and similar oxidative poise. Endogenous levels of jasmonic and abscisic acids were higher in the + BC(‒HS) treatment, suggesting their role in growth improvement. HS in ‒BC plants caused reductions in inflorescence height and PSII maximum quantum yield, as well as significant oxidative stress symptoms manifested by increased lipid peroxidation, greater chloroplast redox poise (oxidized form of roGFP), increased expression of DNAJ heat shock proteins and Zn-finger genes, and reduced expression of glutathione-S-transferase gene in addition to higher abscisic acid and salicylic acid levels. Oxidative stress symptoms were significantly reduced by BC. Results suggest that growth improvements by BC occurring under basal and HS conditions are induced by acclimation mechanisms to ‘microstresses’ associated with basal growth and to oxidative stress of HS, respectively.

Highlights

In-planta mechanisms of biochar (BC)-mediated improved growth were evaluated by examining oxidative stress, metabolic, and hormonal changes of Arabidopsis wild-type plants under basal or acute heat stress (–HS/ + HS) conditions with or without BC (+ BC/–BC)
HS applied at 21 days was found to significantly reduce inflorescence determined at 31 days in the –BC(+ HS) treatment compared with the –BC(–HS) condition (Fig. 1D, E)
The interaction between + BC and + HS demonstrated that the presence of biochar helped to protect inflorescence against the deleterious impact of the heat (Fig. 1D, E)

Summary

Introduction

In-planta mechanisms of biochar (BC)-mediated improved growth were evaluated by examining oxidative stress, metabolic, and hormonal changes of Arabidopsis wild-type plants under basal or acute heat stress (–HS/ + HS) conditions with or without BC (+ BC/–BC). HS in ‒BC plants caused reductions in inflorescence height and PSII maximum quantum yield, as well as significant oxidative stress symptoms manifested by increased lipid peroxidation, greater chloroplast redox poise (oxidized form of roGFP), increased expression of DNAJ heat shock proteins and Zn-finger genes, and reduced expression of glutathione-S-transferase gene in addition to higher abscisic acid and salicylic acid levels. A small number of studies have examined in-planta responses to biochar when faced with environmental pressures[6,24,25] that are not soil toxins Under both sufficient and drought water conditions, Chenopodium quinoa grew significantly better in biochar treatments[26]. HS is becoming more common due to climate change in many parts of the world

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