Abstract
The vertical distributions and downward migrations of the global fallout derived 239+240Pu and 241Am in diverse types of Chinese soils (forest, grassland and desert) were studied. The mean 239+240Pu and 241Am activity concentrations in the investigated soil cores were 0.28–0.69 mBq/g and 0.13–0.37 mBq/g, respectively, while the accumulative inventories were 61.53–138.99 Bq/m2 for 239+240Pu and 28.29–61.05 Bq/m2 for 241Am. The convection-dispersion equation (CDE) was used to calculate the migration parameters of 239+240Pu and higher apparent dispersion coefficients (D) were observed for the acidic forest soils compared with the alkaline grassland and desert soils; meanwhile a compartment model was employed to compare the migration of 239+240Pu and 241Am in successive soil layers which showed that the migration behaviors of 239+240Pu and 241Am were rather similar; both velocities were less than 0.3 cm/y in diverse types of soils and these findings were compatible with those of short-term laboratory simulation experiments in China.
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