Distinction Theory in Descartes' Philosophy

Abstract

The aim of this article is to think the theory of distinctions in the philosophy of Descartes, and, from this theory, to make considerations to subjects related to Cartesian metaphysics. In this way, in the first instance, the article deals with the difference between the procedures of exclusion and abstraction, since it is a crucial difference to understand the real distinction as it is thought by Descartes. In the sequence the discussion is directed towards the real distinction, at which point, in addition to the definition and functioning of the real distinction, its conflict with the substantial union is raised. In a third, the article addresses the modal distinction and its relation with the philosophy of Francisco Suárez. Finally, it enters into the theme of the distinction of reason. At this point, the article seeks to clarify difficulties presents in the philosophy of Descartes and that concern the relations between distinction of reason, formal distinction, distinctio rationis ratiocinantis and distinctio rationis ratiocinatae.