Abstract
Naturally occurring human IgM anti-methotrexate and anti-folinic acid antibodies were used to study the mechanism of complement (C)-mediated lysis of sheep red cells (E) labelled with methotrexate (MTX) or folinic acid (FA). We found that IgM bound to these cells in three forms: one binds C1 and activates the lytic sequence, the second binds C1 with no subsequent lysis, and the third neither binds C1 nor activates C. The ratio of the three forms depended on the density of hapten on the cell surface. It was concluded that the binding of one antigen-reactive site in the IgM to a cell surface hapten is not sufficient to activate the lytic sequence but may be sufficient to bind C1.
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