Abstract
Ameloblastoma is a locally invasive benign epithelial odontogenic tumor and its histopathological structures are similar to the enamel organ. Although various studies have investigated cell proliferation in ameloblastoma to elucidate the biological behavior and clinicopathological mechanisms, it remains poorly understood. The studies on the development of the enamel organ reports that FGF-9, -10, and TGF-β1 are strongly involved in dental epithelial cell differentiation and cell proliferation. In this study, we attempt to evaluate the effect of these growth factors on ameloblastoma cells. Both collagen-coated and normal plastic cell culture plate cell growth curves were steeper in the presence of growth supplement than in the absence of growth supplement. The presence of TGF-β1 at each dose (1 to 10 ng/ml), however, suppressed the number of cells cultured on the collagen-coated plate but made no significant difference on the normal plastic plate. The number of cells was increased in the presence of FGF-10 at 100 ng/ml, but not in the presence of FGF-9 after 48 h culture. These results suggest that FGF-10 and TGF-β1 play distinct roles in the cell proliferation of human ameloblastoma cells.
Highlights
Dental enamel is the most highly calcified tissue found in vertebrates
After the initial cell attachment, the medium was changed to DFSFM which included each growth factor, recombinant human fibroblast cell growth factor (FGF)-2, -9, FGF-10, and TGF-β1 (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), or epidermal growth factor (EGF) protein isolated from mouse submaxillary glands
There was no significant difference between those cultured on normal plastic plates with growth supplement (Fig. 3A, Normal Plastic) and those cultured on collagen-coated plates without growth supplement during the 48 h cell culture (Fig. 3B, Collagen Coat). These results indicated that the presence of cell growth supplement supports the stabilized cell proliferation of dental epithelial cells derived from human ameloblastoma
Summary
Dental enamel is the most highly calcified tissue found in vertebrates It is formed by ameloblasts, which differentiate from the cells of the internal dental epithelium that compose the enamel organ. Amelobasts undergo apoptosis and disappear in adult tissue This process limits the clarification of subsequent cellular events on dental epithelial cell differentiation in vitro experiments, especially on human-derived cells. The fibroblast cell growth factor (FGF) family has 22 members, 11 of which are expressed during tooth development [2] Among these FGFs, the gene expression of FGF-9 and FGF-10 in dental epithelium is strongly involved in tooth development [3,4,5], and FGF-9 expression in the dental epithelium of mouse incisors regulates ameloblast differentiation [6].
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